What is the main role of a commission in regional human rights systems?

The primary role of a commission in regional human rights systems is to investigate human rights violations. Commissions are established within various regional frameworks—such as the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights and the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights—to monitor and report on human rights conditions in member states. They carry out investigations, assess compliance with regional human rights standards, and provide recommendations to improve human rights situations. Their work often includes examining individual complaints, conducting on-site visits, and engaging with governments and civil society to gather information and assess the human rights landscape.

This investigatory function is crucial as it not only helps to hold states accountable for violations but also aids in raising awareness about human rights issues. The information compiled by these commissions can lead to increased international scrutiny and pressure for change and can provide a pathway for victims of rights violations to seek justice. Other options such as promoting economic policies, governing international trade, or conducting military operations fall outside the scope of a human rights commission's mandate and responsibilities, which are focused specifically on upholding and protecting human rights within a defined regional context.